TRUE OR FALSE — FISH FARMING, PROCESSING AND CONSERVATION
1. Bio-entrepreneurship
Statement 1: Bio-entrepreneurship combines biological knowledge with skills in business and enterprise.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Bio-entrepreneurship has no real connection to economic growth or job creation.
ANSWER: False — It is credited as a major driver of economic growth, market creation and innovation.
Statement 3: Bio-entrepreneurship has no application in areas like feed production or fingerling care.
ANSWER: False — It offers significant potential in feed production, fingerling care and creating suitable aquatic environments.
2. Selective breeding (nursery stage)
Statement 1: Selective breeding at the nursery stage involves acquiring fingerlings of the best quality and health.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Selective breeding involves choosing parents based only on colour, ignoring traits like growth rate or disease resistance.
ANSWER: False — Farmers select for traits such as growth rate, disease resistance and size.
Statement 3: Selective breeding aims to produce offspring with improved genetic characteristics.
ANSWER: True
3. Hatcheries
Statement 1: Hatcheries provide controlled conditions for fish eggs to hatch and develop into fry.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Water quality, temperature and nutrition are unimportant in a hatchery.
ANSWER: False — All three are essential to successful hatching and fry development.
Statement 3: Newly hatched fish produced in a hatchery are called fry.
ANSWER: True
4. Feeding protocols (nursery)
Statement 1: Feeding protocols at the nursery stage include weaning fry from natural feed to formulated feed.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Feeding protocols involve giving fry the lowest possible protein feed to save costs.
ANSWER: False — High-quality feeds with appropriate protein levels are considered crucial.
Statement 3: Feeding protocols may include supplying inputs such as aeration and drugs when necessary.
ANSWER: True
5. Water management (nursery)
Statement 1: Water management at the nursery stage involves routine checking of water quality and level.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Water management has no effect on fry growth.
ANSWER: False — Maintaining optimal temperature, oxygen levels and pH is essential for healthy fry growth.
Statement 3: Water management is only concerned with water level, not water quality.
ANSWER: False — It covers both water quality and water level.
6. Biosecurity measures
Statement 1: Biosecurity measures include quarantine procedures and disinfection.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Biosecurity measures are unrelated to preventing disease outbreaks.
ANSWER: False — Preventing disease outbreaks is their most critical purpose.
Statement 3: Monitoring the health of stock is part of biosecurity practice.
ANSWER: True
7. Pond culture
Statement 1: Pond culture is common for species like tilapia and catfish.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: In pond culture, fish are raised in submerged cages or net pens.
ANSWER: False — That describes cage culture, not pond culture.
Statement 3: Water quality, feeding and disease management are all monitored in pond culture.
ANSWER: True
8. Cage culture
Statement 1: In cage culture, fish are raised in submerged cages or net pens in natural water bodies.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Cage culture typically takes place in concrete tanks with recirculating water systems.
ANSWER: False — That describes raceways and tanks, not cage culture.
Statement 3: Regular feeding and monitoring are essential in cage culture.
ANSWER: True
9. Raceways and tanks
Statement 1: Raceways and tanks involve controlled environments with recirculating water systems.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Raceways and tanks are typically earthen ponds rather than concrete structures.
ANSWER: False — Fish are raised in concrete raceways or tanks, not earthen ponds.
Statement 3: Water quality is closely monitored in raceway and tank systems.
ANSWER: True
10. Stocking density management
Statement 1: Overcrowding in fish farming can lead to stress, disease and poor growth.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Optimal stocking density is the same for every fish species.
ANSWER: False — Optimal stocking densities vary by species.
Statement 3: Stocking density management is unimportant at the grow-out stage.
ANSWER: False — It's highlighted as an important consideration at the grow-out stage.
11. Feeding strategies (grow-out)
Statement 1: Feeding strategies at the grow-out stage include proper feeding schedules and balanced diets.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Feed conversion ratio is irrelevant to feeding strategies at the grow-out stage.
ANSWER: False — Efficient feed conversion ratios are described as crucial.
Statement 3: Feeding strategies at the grow-out stage are identical to feeding protocols at the nursery stage.
ANSWER: False — They are distinct practices tailored to each stage.
12. Water quality management (grow-out)
Statement 1: Water quality management at the grow-out stage includes aeration and filtration.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Oxygen supply and waste removal are not important considerations in grow-out water quality management.
ANSWER: False — Both are described as critical.
Statement 3: Aeration systems and filters help maintain water quality at the grow-out stage.
ANSWER: True
13. Disease prevention and management
Statement 1: Disease prevention and management includes regular health checks and treatment protocols.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Disease prevention and management is only relevant at the nursery stage, not the grow-out stage.
ANSWER: False — It's part of grow-out stage practices as well.
Statement 3: Disease prevention and management works alongside stocking, feeding and water quality management.
ANSWER: True
14. Nets
Statement 1: Nets are used for harvesting and transferring fish between ponds.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Nets have no use in removing debris from ponds.
ANSWER: False — They are also used to remove debris and to make hapas or cages.
Statement 3: Nets can be used to construct hapas or cages.
ANSWER: True
15. Graders
Statement 1: Graders are used to sort fish by their sizes.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Graders are used mainly to measure water pH.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of water quality test kits, not graders.
Statement 3: Graders help manage stock densities and optimise growth.
ANSWER: True
16. Fish counters
Statement 1: Fish counters are used to count fish during harvesting and management practices.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Fish counters are primarily used to oxygenate pond water.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of an aeration machine, not a fish counter.
Statement 3: Fish counters help farmers keep an accurate record of their stock.
ANSWER: True
17. Water quality test kits
Statement 1: Water quality test kits are used to test parameters like pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate levels.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Water quality test kits are used to physically remove excess algae from a pond.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of algae scrubbers, not test kits.
Statement 3: Water quality test kits help farmers detect problems in the water before they harm fish.
ANSWER: True
18. Water pump
Statement 1: A water pump is used to move water into and out of a pond.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: A water pump's main purpose is sorting fish by size.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of a grader, not a water pump.
Statement 3: A water pump plays a role in overall water management on a fish farm.
ANSWER: True
19. Pond liners
Statement 1: Pond liners help prevent water seepage in a fishpond.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Pond liners are used to increase oxygen levels in pond water.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of an aeration machine, not a pond liner.
Statement 3: Pond liners help prevent contamination of a pond by ground water.
ANSWER: True
20. Aeration machine
Statement 1: An aeration machine is used to increase oxygen levels in pond water.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: An aeration machine is primarily used to weigh fish.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of a weighing scale, not an aeration machine.
Statement 3: Fish depend on the oxygen supplied by aeration machines to grow well.
ANSWER: True
21. Filtration systems
Statement 1: Filtration systems are used to remove solid waste and organic matter from a fishpond.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Filtration systems are primarily used to count fish during harvest.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of a fish counter, not a filtration system.
Statement 3: Filtration systems help increase overall water quality in a fishpond.
ANSWER: True
22. Algae scrubbers
Statement 1: Algae scrubbers are used to remove excess algae from a pond.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Algae scrubbers are used to prevent water seepage from a pond.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of a pond liner, not an algae scrubber.
Statement 3: Algae scrubbers help prevent algal blooms and maintain water quality.
ANSWER: True
23. Weighing scale
Statement 1: A weighing scale is used to weigh fish accurately.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: A weighing scale is primarily used to test water pH.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of a water quality test kit, not a weighing scale.
Statement 3: Weighing scales help farmers monitor the growth rate of their stock.
ANSWER: True
24. Seines
Statement 1: Seines are large nets used to concentrate and capture fish during the final drainage of a pond.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Seines in larger ponds can always be pulled by hand.
ANSWER: False — Larger ponds typically require vehicles to drag the net.
Statement 3: Seines are used specifically during the harvesting stage of fish farming.
ANSWER: True
25. Bamboo screen trap
Statement 1: A bamboo screen trap is made of bamboo or other materials.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: A bamboo screen trap is primarily used to oxygenate water during transportation.
ANSWER: False — That's the role of an aerator, not a bamboo screen trap.
Statement 3: A bamboo screen trap is designed to catch fish efficiently.
ANSWER: True
26. Wet salting
Statement 1: Wet salting involves keeping fish in brine for an extended period.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Wet salting typically uses more salt than dry salting.
ANSWER: False — Wet salting requires less salt than dry salting.
Statement 3: Wet salting brine is typically made by mixing four parts water to one part salt.
ANSWER: True
27. Dry salting
Statement 1: Dry salting involves applying salt directly to the fish and drying it.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Dry salting requires less salt than wet salting.
ANSWER: False — Dry salting uses more salt than wet salting.
Statement 3: Dry salting is a distinct technique from wet salting, though both use salt as a preservative.
ANSWER: True
28. Dehydration
Statement 1: Dehydration as a preservation method works by removing water content from fish.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Dehydration can be carried out through sun-drying or industrial dehydrators.
ANSWER: True
Statement 3: Dehydration has no effect on preventing fish spoilage.
ANSWER: False — Its purpose is specifically to help prevent spoilage.
29. Lowering temperature (cold storage)
Statement 1: Lowering the temperature of stored fish, such as through freezing, slows down bacterial growth.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Lowering temperature as a preservation method includes freezing and putting ice on fish.
ANSWER: True
Statement 3: Lowering temperature has no relevance to fish preservation.
ANSWER: False — Cold storage and refrigeration are major fish preservation methods.
30. Canning
Statement 1: Canning allows fish to be stored for a much longer period than fresh fish would last.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Canned tuna and canned sardines are examples of fish preserved by canning.
ANSWER: True
Statement 3: Fresh fish is generally considered less desirable than canned fish whenever both are available.
ANSWER: False — Fresh fish in its freshest state is generally preferred; canning is used when that isn't possible.
31. Re-circulating aquaculture system (RAS)
Statement 1: In a re-circulating aquaculture system, water is continuously filtered and reused.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: A re-circulating aquaculture system is an example of a natural fish habitat.
ANSWER: False — It's classified as an artificial habitat, not a natural one.
Statement 3: The purpose of a re-circulating aquaculture system is to raise fish in a controlled environment.
ANSWER: True
32. Artificial reefs
Statement 1: Artificial reefs are typically made from materials such as concrete and steel.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Artificial reefs are classified as a natural fish habitat.
ANSWER: False — They are classified as an artificial habitat.
Statement 3: Artificial reefs provide a suitable habitat for fish and other marine organisms.
ANSWER: True
33. Habitat restoration
Statement 1: Habitat restoration aims to improve spawning grounds and feeding areas.
ANSWER: True
Statement 2: Habitat restoration is considered irrelevant to the long-term survival of fish populations.
ANSWER: False — It contributes to the long-term survival and ecological balance of fish populations.
Statement 3: Habitat restoration works alongside stocking and monitoring as a fish stock management practice.
ANSWER: True